The Impact of Collaboration Structure and Participant Attributes on Performance: Evidence from Korean Music Industry. Korean Management Review December 2017 Vol. 46 No. 6 pp.1713-1740

Relationships of collapse: network brokerage, opportunism and fraud in financial markets. International Journal of Social Economics (20171204) Vol.44 No.12 pp. 2097-2111

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Abstract Purpose This paper explores the social-behavioral aspects of financial markets. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of social relations and networks which contributed to the market crash in the US telecommunications sector in the late 1990s. Design/methodology/approach A network theoretic approach is used to examine historical qualitative data. The authors suggest that the network characteristics of financial intermediaries allowed security analysts to control and manipulate information that was disclosed to the investing public. Findings The authors find evidence that brokerage locations in the network of actors within the telecommunications market allowed select individuals opportunities to engage in unethical behavior and malfeasance. The authors further highlight the harmful effects of over-embeddedness by illustrating that strong and dense network ties within the financial sector were exploited to distort the flow and reliability of information. The paper concludes with a note on the generalizability of this study and an examination of the current economic-legal structure of Wall Street. Originality/value Recently, some economists and network scholars have begun examining social relations more thoroughly in the financial sector. This paper is one of the first that focuses specifically on the role and network location of research analysts prior to a market collapse. Keywords Financial markets, Financialization, Social networks, Embeddedness

Relationships of Collapse: Structural Holes, Opportunism and Fraud in Financial Markets International Journal of Social Economics 2017 Vol.44 No.12 pp.2097-2111

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This paper explores the social-behavioral aspects of financial markets. The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of social relations and networks which contributed to the market crash in the US telecommunications sector in the late 1990s. A network theoretic approach is used to examine historical qualitative data. The authors suggest that the network characteristics of financial intermediaries allowed security analysts to control and manipulate information that was disclosed to the investing public. The authors find evidence that brokerage locations in the network of actors within the telecommunications market allowed select individuals opportunities to engage in unethical behavior and malfeasance. The authors further highlight the harmful effects of over-embeddedness by illustrating that strong and dense network ties within the financial sector were exploited to distort the flow and reliability of information. The paper concludes with a note on the generalizability of this study and an examination of the current economic-legal structure of Wall Street. Recently, some economists and network scholars have begun examining social relations more thoroughly in the financial sector. This paper is one of the first that focuses specifically on the role and network location of research analysts prior to a market collapse.

Kolon FnC's Global Expansion Strategy. Asian Case Research Journal 2017 Vol. 21 No.2 pp.253-280

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Korean fashion firms face difficulties in sustaining their growth momentum because of market stagnation and the aggressive entry of global luxury and SPA brands. To find a breakthrough, local fashion firms are adopting diverse strategies, including direct entry, licensing, and acquisitions, to successfully tap into the global market. Kolon FnC, which is among the five affiliates of Kolon Industries, focuses its business in the production and sales of fashion goods and clothing lines. Focusing on its strength as a leading brand power in the sports and outdoor segment, Kolon FnC is making strategic moves, such as diversifying its fashion portfolio, creating new value by collaborating with artists, and enhancing its R&D capability for new garment materials, which is led by one of its sister affiliates, Kolon Fashion Material. Under the leadership of the newly appointed CEO Dong-Mun Park, Kolon FnC is aggressively seeking talented young designers in Korea to differentiate itself from its global competitors. CEO Park strongly believes that talented young Korean designers can be a viable source of competitive advantage against global competitors. Since 2010, Kolon FnC has acquired several small-sized designer shops and fashion accessory shops to diversify its fashion portfolio and to create a young and vibrant brand image. This approach marks a departure from the strategic paths of its major local competitors, as Korean fashion firms typically focus on licensing or acquiring foreign brands. This case aims to identify the practical implications of global expansion strategies by analyzing how the Korean fashion industry has evolved and how Kolon FnC and its competitors have deployed different global expansion strategies in developing their resources and/or capabilities for future growth.

The Evolution of Inflation Expectations in Japan Journal of the Japanese and International Economies 2017 Vol.46 pp.53-68

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We model inflation forecasts as monotonically diverging from an estimated long-run anchor point towards actual inflation as the forecast horizon shortens. Fitting the model with forecaster-level data for Japan, we find that the estimated anchors across forecasters have tended to rise in recent years, along with the dispersion in estimates across forecasters. Further, the degree to which these anchors pin down inflation expectations at longer horizons has increased, but remains considerably lower than found in a similar study of Canadian and US forecasters. Finally, the wide dispersion in estimated decay paths across forecasters points to a diverse set of views across forecasters about the inflation process in Japan.

The Dual Influences for Authoritarian Leaders' negative Emotional Labor on Followers OCB and CWB.　Academy of Management Annual Meeting Proceeding 2017 Vol.1 No.14936

Alliance Portfolio Complexity and Order-ofEntry Learning Effects in Int’l Alliance Formations. Academy of Management proceedings Vol.2016 No.1

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This study sheds light into the various theoretical drivers of international alliance formation with special attention to the order-of-entry learning effects in increasing the benefits and mitigating the costs of alliance portfolio complexity. Evidence from the global airline industry from period 1982 to 2010 shows that order-of-entry of a focal firm moderates the relationship between the focal firm's alliance portfolio complexity and the firm's propensity to form new international alliances. Our findings suggest that the differing experiential learning effects of early and late entrants will partially account for the heterogeneity of how firms handle alliance portfolio complexity.

Revisiting Alliance Formation: The Moderating Effect of Alliance Portfolio Complexity and Alliance Termination. Academy of Management Proceedings Vol. 2017 No.1

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Building on alliance portfolio and alliance formation studies, I investigate how alliance portfolio characteristics – alliance portfolio complexity and alliance termination–accelerate or decelerate firms’ propensity to form new alliances. I use comprehensive panel dataset of 47 global airlines and their alliances during the period of 1945 to 2010. The findings suggest that bounded pattern of alliance formation is stronger when the focal firm’s alliance portfolio complexity is low or the number of alliance termination is high. The implications of this study calls for attention to the alliance portfolio configuration issues concerning the benefits and costs of engaging in multiple inter-firm cooperative strategies.

The Dual Inferences for Authoritarian Leaders’ Negative Emotional Labor on Follower OCB and CWB. Academy of Management Proceedings Volume 2017, Issue 1 01 Jan 2017

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Drawing from the emotions as social information model (Van Kleef, 2009; Van Kleef et al., 2009), we hypothesize that subordinates of authoritarian leaders make two different cognitive inferences of authoritarian leaders’ negative emotional labor: one is that leaders intend to hurt, while the other is that leaders attempt to drive performance. As a result, they perform less organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and more counterproductive work behavior (CWB) if the former inference is made but more OCB and less CWB when the latter is made. Data from 515 leader- subordinate dyads in three Japanese companies provided general support for our central hypothesis. Moreover, we found that leader deep acting was a contingent factor to affect how subordinates attribute authoritarian leaders’ negative emotional labor. When authoritarian leaders were higher in deep acting, the injury initiation mediation path became more salient; meanwhile, the performance promotion mediation path became less salient. We discuss the theoretical and empirical implications of our findings in leadership effectiveness in organizations.

Leading with Emotional Labor:Gender Differences in Leader Emotional Labor and Employee Performance. Academy of Management Proceedings Volume 2017, Issue 1 01 Jan 2017

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In this paper, adopting the role congruity theory, we proposed that female leaders can be more effective in driving employee task performance than male leaders when they are high in emotional labor. Using a sample of 515 leaders and their corresponding 515 employees in three companies in Japan, we examined the joint effects of leader gender and leader emotional labor on employee task performance through employee trust in leader. Our results suggested that female leaders emotional labor had a stronger, positive effect on employee trust in leader than their male counterparts. In addition, we found that female leader's emotional labor had a stronger positive, indirect effect on employee task performance through employee trust in leader than male leaders. Our findings are consistent with the predictions of role congruity theory (Eagly, 1987), providing new theoretical lens to the gender and leader emotional labor research.

Globalization and Greater Flexibility in the Japanese Labor Market: Exploring the Macro-Micro Link. Journal of Asia-Pacific Business 2017 Vol.18 No.4 pp.242-261

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The author explores the missing links between globalization and greater flexibility in the Japanese labor market based on review of literature and available evidence. Understanding Japan’s responses to globalization requires a nuanced approach, which accounts for its historical trajectory and social-institutional context. Along with globalization, Japan is experiencing a greater infusion of foreign capital, and an increasing presence of foreign firms. These foreign firms bring human resource practices that are more market driven and less socially embedded compared to the status quo. The diverging human resources practices of foreign firms have spillover effects that may destabilize the Japanese employment system in the long run.

国家ブランドの分析枠組み：ブランド・パーソナリティ分析とステレオタイプ内容モデルからのアプローチ　日本マーケティング学会　カンファレンス　October 2017　Vol.6　pp.168-172

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この15年で国家ブランディングの動きは世界的に大きく進展した。そのような中で、国家の競争力をもたらすブランド戦略を打ち出すためには、国家ブランドの有効な分析枠組みが必要となる。本研究では、国家ブランドのポジショニングを可視化するために、ブランド・パーソナリティ分析とステレオタイプ内容モデルを基に、国家ブランドのイメージを測定したうえでマッピングすることを試みた。日本人を対象に、諸外国の国家ブランドに対して抱いているブランド・パーソナリティを測定し、温かさ次元と能力次元の2軸でマッピングした。その結果、国家ブランドを測定するうえでもブランド・パーソナリティは有効であることが確かめられた。測定されたブランド・イメージをマッピングしたところ、ステレオタイプ内容モデルが想定する相補的な関係はあまり見られなかった。当該国に対する知識の程度は、ブランド・イメージに影響していることが示された。最後に、考察と今後の展望、ならびに実務的含意をまとめた。

The role of anger regulation on perceived stress status and physical health. Personality and Individual Differences (20171001) Vol.116 pp.240-245

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The purpose of this exploratory study was to cross-culturally examine associations among three different anger regulation strategies, namely, anger-in (AI), anger out (AO), and anger control (AC), perceived stress status as the psychological antecedent, and the number of claimed chronic medical conditions as the physical health. Large samples of American and Japanese adults participated in this study. The results show the cultural differences that are consistent with previous findings in the literature while extending them to the association with physical health. Consequently, culturally different path models were identified. In this study, we found that anger regulation affects perceived stress, which in turn, was associated with physical health. Discussion of these findings and their implications is provided. • We developed an integrated model that can examine anger regulation, stress, and physical health. • The results confirmed the cultural differences while also discovering new culturally different paths. • Anger regulation matters more when stress is a culturally condoned emotion (vs. condemned), which led to the physical health.

Globalization and the Erosion of Job Security in the Japanese labor Market: Exploring the Macro-Micro Link. Proceedings of the Emerging Trends in Marketing and Management International Conference, Bucharest 2017 p.43

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In this paper, I examine the effects of globalization on labor market institutions, with particular focus on Japan. The experiences of advanced Western nations do not necessarily set a precedent nor an exemplar for Japan. Understanding Japan’s responses to globalization requires a more nuanced approach, which accounts for its historical and institutional trajectories. Along with globalization, Japan is experiencing a greater infusion of foreign capital, and an increasing presence of foreign firms. These foreign firms bring with them employment practices that are more short-term and market-driven and less socially embedded compared to the Japanese status quo. There is now growing evidence that the expansion of foreign firms is eroding job security in the Japanese employment system. The diverging employment practices of foreign firms have spillover effects into the domestic firms, which may disturb the Japanese status quo in the long-run. The co-existence of the foreign and the domestic provides a fascinating test bed through which to examine how local firms adapt to global pressures, and how workers navigate the changing institutional environment.

Effects of cultural orientation, self-esteem, and collective self-esteem on well-being. Psychological studies 2017 Vol. 62 No.3 pp241-249

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This study examined a model of independent and interdependent self-construal, individual and collective self-esteem, and subjective well-being in a sample of college students from the mainland USA, Hawaii, and Japan. Specifically, the mediation role of individual as well as collective self-esteem in the effects of independent and interdependent self-construal on subjective well-being was explored. Results indicated that the hypothesized model fit well. The study found the direct effects of independent self-construal on subjective well-being in all three cultural groups. Collective self-esteem was a significant mediator of the effects of both independent and interdependent self-construal on subjective well-being only in the mainland USA. The negative effect of interdependent self-construal on collective self-esteem was observed only in the mainland USA. Better understanding of both universal and culture-specific aspects of collective self-esteem in promoting subjective well-being seems essential for further theoretical development as well as effective prevention/intervention efforts across three cultural groups.

Self-expression and relationship formation in high relational mobility environments: A study of dual users of American and Japanese social networking sites. International Journal of Psychology : Journal International De Psychologie 2017 Vol. 52 No.3

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This study proposes that self‐expression motivation, an aspect of independent/individualistic psychological tendencies, aids in the formation of social relationships when social relationships are open and mobile. In societies characterised by high relational mobility (e.g., North America), which creates market‐like competition in social relationships, individuals must express their uniqueness and worthiness to form new social relationships. Self‐expression motivation has a relatively weak effect on relationship formation in low relational mobility societies (e.g., Japan), where social relationships are generally predetermined. This hypothesis was examined and supported through a study on dual users of two social networking sites—Facebook and Mixi (the “Facebook of Japan”). As expected, relational mobility was higher on Facebook than on Mixi. Moreover, the association between self‐expression motivation and the number of new friends met on Facebook/Mixi was more positive for Facebook than it was for Mixi. The social functionality of independent tendencies is then discussed.

Influences of Social Capital on Natural Disaster Research in Japan. Journal of Sustainable Development Vol.10 No.3 pp46-54

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The purpose of this study is to seek fresh insight into those aspects of social capital that increase individuals' health and well-being after a disaster such as the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011. This paper is organized as follows. The theoretical development of the social capital is presented in a literature review. Then, the design and results of the free answers in the open-ended question is described. Finally, this study investigates whether previous findings on the bright and dark sides of social capital and psychological stress are confirmed and highlights how the bright and dark sides of social capital has affected psychological stress, health, and well-being in Japanese disaster context. In other words, the significant mechanisms and roles of social capital in a disaster context is explored. Based on the findings, the theoretical and practical contributions of this study to disaster research are discussed.

Influences of Social Capital on Natural Disaster Research in Japan Journal of Sustainable Development Vo. 10, No. 3, 2017 pp.46-54

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The purpose of this study is to seek fresh insight into those aspects of social capital that increase individuals' health and well-being after a disaster such as the Great East Japan Earthquake of 2011. This paper is organized as follows. The theoretical development of the social capital is presented in a literature review. Then, the design and results of the free answers in the open-ended question is described. Finally, this study investigates whether previous findings on the bright and dark sides of social capital and psychological stress are confirmed and highlights how the bright and dark sides of social capital has affected psychological stress, health, and well-being in Japanese disaster context. In other words, the significant mechanisms and roles of social capital in a disaster context is explored. Based on the findings, the theoretical and practical contributions of this study to disaster research are discussed. (1) (PDF) Influences of Social Capital on Natural Disaster Research in Japan. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317280457_Influences_of_Social_Capital_on_Natural_Disaster_Research_in_Japan [accessed Jan 25 2022].

Effects of functional focus on bounded momentum: Examining firm- and industry-level alliances. Strategic Organization 2018 Vol.16 No.2 pp.167-191.

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Building on strategic momentum and alliance studies, we theoretically explain and test the non-monotonicity of the alliance momentum of same- or cross-functional-type alliances. We theorize about critical drivers that generate bounded momentum and further argue whether function-specific momentum occurs sequentially or simultaneously. We examine cross-border alliances of 32 international airlines from 1945 to 1994 and find that the inverted U-shaped pattern of alliance momentum holds for same-type but not for cross-type alliances at both the firm and industry levels. These findings imply that alliance momentum with a specific functional focus evolves sequentially rather than simultaneously.

How Outcome Agreement and Power Balance Among Parties Influence Processes of Organizational Learning and Nonlearning. Journal of Management Vol.45 No.3 pp.1252-1283

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The dominant model of behavioral learning may not apply to organizations because it assumes that the people involved agree in their outcome assessments of actions and have relatively equal power to engage in joint learning. We relax these assumptions of consensus and power balance in order to apply the model to organizational (as opposed to individual) learning. We examine what happens when parties from different organizational units and levels engage jointly in learning from recurrent events. We examine behavioral learning as recurrent cycles of action–outcome assessment–response on similar tasks (i.e., recurrent events) over time. We observe different patterns of organizational learning (adaptive and dialectical) and nonlearning (persistent and compulsory behavior) in our 8-year real-time field study of the recurrent events while integrating a large health-care system. These four processes are interdependent and explained by just two contingencies: (1) agreement on outcome assessments and (2) power balance among the parties engaged in actions. These findings expand our repertoire to include processes that heretofore have not been considered in the organizational learning literature and explore how they change with different degrees of agreement and power among parties; that is, how an imposition of power by more powerful parties leads to nonlearning, while an openness to conflict and an empowerment approach enables organizational learning.